Laravel实现动态切换数据库配置

方法一：多配置实现

配置文件照着新增一个配置：

'default' => env('DB_CONNECTION', 'mysql'),

'connections' => [

'mysql_read' => [

'driver' => 'mysql',

'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),

'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),

'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),

'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),

'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),

'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),

'charset' => 'utf8mb4',

'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',

'prefix' => '',

'strict' => true,

'engine' => null,

],

'mysql_write' => [

'driver' => 'mysql',

'host' => env('DB_HOST', '127.0.0.1'),

'port' => env('DB_PORT', '3306'),

'database' => env('DB_DATABASE', 'forge'),

'username' => env('DB_USERNAME', 'forge'),

'password' => env('DB_PASSWORD', ''),

'unix_socket' => env('DB_SOCKET', ''),

'charset' => 'utf8mb4',

'collation' => 'utf8mb4_unicode_ci',

'prefix' => '',

'strict' => true,

'engine' => null,

],

],

使用 DB 门面连接不同数据库：

$articles = DB::connection('mysql_read')->select(...);

$update_res = DB::connection('mysql_read')->where(...)->update(...);

也可以在模型中指定数据库连接：

public $connection = 'mysql_read';

方法二：使用 laravel 读写分离

database.php 配置文件：

'mysql' => [

'read' => [

'host' => '192.168.1.1'

],

'write' => [

'host' => '196.168.1.2'

],

'driver' => 'mysql',

'database' => 'database',

'username' => 'root',

'password' => '',

'charset' => 'utf8',

'collation' => 'utf8_unicode_ci',

'prefix' => '',

]

设置完毕之后，Laravel5默认将select的语句让read指定的数据库执行，insert/update/delete则交给write指定的数据库，达到读写分离的作用。